Autism is a developmental disability that affects 1 in 88 children born in the United States, more boys than girls. There are several types of conditions that people with autism may have that can interfere with dental care. One is the inability to communicate needs either verbally or nonverbally. For some, it is also the inability to relate social-emotionally as in trust, approval, and interest in another person. It may be difficult to respond to questions or ask for help. Some people with autism have repetitive speech or motions like tapping fingers, and practices. In addition, many people with autism have been known to demonstrate a sensitivity to light, sound, touch and taste.

As a result, many dental teams and families have expressed a perception that children and adults diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders will have difficulty participating in oral health care. This is not necessarily true. It is essential to recognize that many persons have individual conditions and responses to dental care that the dental team can serve with small adaptations. The same is true with daily oral hygiene care at home. Individuals, families and caregivers have available a wide variety of toothbrushes, toothpaste flavors and textures, and flossing devices to match each person’s preferences. Occupational therapists have the skills to demonstrate ways to introduce toothbrushing habits that, over time, allow the individual to select techniques that work. Child life specialists can use developmental, educational and therapeutic services to take steps to support people in acquiring trust and participation in dental care.